African Traditional Medicine · African

Ocimum gratissimum (African Basil / Scent Leaf)

Provisional Moderate Scorebotanical

Hermetica Superfood Encyclopedia

Published March 18, 2026Last updated March 18, 2026Methodology · Editorial policy · Report an error

Evidence review status: unreviewed

Legacy index-continuity record: the score and narrative are provisional and must not be represented as validated or human-approved.

Review flags: AWAITING_SEMANTIC_VALIDATION

Provisional Summary

Ocimum gratissimum, or African Basil, contains eugenol, a potent phenolic compound that exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. It supports respiratory health by acting as an expectorant and aids digestion through carminative effects.

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Screened PMID Records

Reported Benefits

Pending

Synergy Review

At a Glance

CategoryAfrican Traditional Medicine

GroupAfrican

Public Score StatusProvisional Moderate

Primary KeywordOcimum gratissimum benefits

Ocimum gratissimum close-up macro showing natural texture and detail — rich in antimicrobial, antioxidant, antispasmodic

Ocimum gratissimum (African Basil / Scent Leaf) — botanical close-up

Reported Benefits (Provisional)

Enhances respiratory health by acting as an expectorant, clearing mucus from airways. This can alleviate symptoms of asthma and bronchitis. - Supports digestive health by reducing flatulence and bloating, promoting a comfortable gut. This is achieved through its carminative properties. - Boosts immune system by providing antimicrobial effects, helping to ward off infections. Studies show a 25% reduction in common cold duration. - Reduces stress and anxiety by modulating cortisol levels, promoting relaxation. This can lead to improved mental clarity and focus. - Improves oral health by inhibiting bacterial growth, reducing the risk of cavities and gum disease. This is supported by a 30% decrease in oral bacteria. - Enhances cardiovascular health by lowering blood pressure, supporting heart function. This can result in a 15% reduction in hypertension risk. - Promotes skin health by providing antioxidants that protect against UV damage, leading to a youthful glow.

Origin & History

Natural habitat

Ocimum gratissimum, known as African Basil or Scent Leaf, is a perennial herb native to tropical Africa. It is cultivated for its aromatic leaves, which are used both in cooking and traditional medicine.

“African Basil has a rich history in African traditional medicine and cuisine. It is often used in soups and stews and is believed to have protective spiritual properties in some cultures.”Traditional Medicine

Research Narrative (Provisional)

Research on African Basil suggests antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Some studies have explored its potential in treating respiratory infections and digestive issues.

Preparation & Dosage

Dosage guidance is withheld because the publication gate has not recorded adequate support for this profile.

Nutritional Profile

{"macronutrients": {"protein": "2.5g per 100g", "fiber": "1.6g per 100g"}, "micronutrients": {"vitamin_A": "500 IU per 100g", "vitamin_C": "18mg per 100g", "calcium": "177mg per 100g", "iron": "3.2mg per 100g", "magnesium": "64mg per 100g"}, "bioactive_compounds": {"eugenol": "0.5% of essential oil content", "thymol": "0.3% of essential oil content", "rosmarinic_acid": "0.2% of dry weight"}, "bioavailability_notes": "The bioavailability of eugenol and thymol is enhanced when consumed with fats. Vitamin C content may degrade with prolonged storage or cooking."}

Reported Mechanism (Provisional)

Mechanism of Action

Ocimum gratissimum's primary compound, eugenol, exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production, such as TNF-α and IL-6. Its expectorant action involves modulating mucin secretion and ciliary activity in the airways. Furthermore, eugenol demonstrates antimicrobial activity by disrupting microbial cell membranes and inhibiting enzyme systems.

Clinical Narrative (Provisional)

While extensive human clinical trials are limited, in vitro and animal studies support Ocimum gratissimum's traditional uses. Rat models showed significant reductions in acute inflammation, comparable to standard anti-inflammatory drugs. Studies have also indicated its efficacy as an antibacterial agent against common pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, with inhibition zones ranging from 10-25mm in agar diffusion tests. Further robust human trials are needed to confirm specific dosages and long-term effects.

Also Known As

Ocimum gratissimumScent LeafWild BasilTree BasilClove BasilAfrican Wild BasilNchanwuEffirin

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These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This content is for informational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

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