Hermetica Superfood Encyclopedia
Legacy index-continuity record: the score and narrative are provisional and must not be represented as validated or human-approved.
Review flags: AWAITING_SEMANTIC_VALIDATION
Mangosteen pericarp contains potent xanthones, particularly α-mangostin and γ-mangostin, which deliver antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB activation and suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6. Clinical evidence shows xanthone bioavailability peaks at 1 hour post-consumption, increasing antioxidant capacity by 18% for up to 4 hours.
Reported Benefits (Provisional)
Origin & History
Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), known as the 'Queen of Fruits,' is native to Southeast Asia, particularly Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. It thrives in tropical climates with rich, well-drained soils and high humidity. This superfruit is revered in functional nutrition for its unique profile of potent xanthones and other therapeutic compounds.
Research Narrative (Provisional)
Scientific studies highlight mangosteen's potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, primarily attributed to its xanthone content. Research also explores its antimicrobial activity and potential benefits for immune health and wound healing.
Preparation & Dosage
Dosage guidance is withheld because the publication gate has not recorded adequate support for this profile.
Nutritional Profile
- Phytochemicals: Xanthones (potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits), flavonoids, tannins. - Vitamins: Vitamin C (strengthens immunity, supports skin health), trace B Vitamins (enhance energy metabolism). - Fiber: Dietary fiber (aids digestion, promotes gut health). - Minerals: Potassium (maintains electrolyte balance, supports cardiovascular function), Magnesium (supports muscle and nerve health).
Reported Mechanism (Provisional)
α-Mangostin and γ-mangostin inhibit NF-κB activation by suppressing IκBα and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, while downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. These xanthones also upregulate Nrf2/HO-1 pathways for antioxidant protection and modulate ERK1/2, TGF-β1, and AMPK signaling cascades. Phenolic compounds contribute additional antioxidant activity through peroxyl radical scavenging mechanisms.
Clinical Narrative (Provisional)
Human clinical data remains limited, with one bioavailability study in healthy volunteers showing xanthones reach peak plasma concentration within 1 hour and increase antioxidant capacity by 18% at 2 hours post-consumption. In vitro studies demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values of 85 μg/mL for nitric oxide inhibition in RAW 264.7 cells. Antimicrobial research shows nano α-mangostin at 6.25 μM/L reduces S. mutans biofilm by 49.1%, though clinical translation requires further investigation.
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