Herbs (Global Traditional) · Siddha
Vallarai (Centella asiatica) (Centella asiatica)
Strong Evidencebotanical
Hermetica Superfood Encyclopedia
Centella asiatica contains triterpene compounds including asiaticoside and madecassoside that exhibit neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. These bioactive compounds work by modulating inflammatory pathways and supporting cellular repair mechanisms.
Vallarai (Centella asiatica), also known as gotu kola, is a perennial herb from the Apiaceae family native to tropical wetlands of Asia, including India, Sri Lanka, and Southeast Asia. The whole plant, primarily leaves and stems, is processed using water or ethanol extraction methods to yield standardized extracts rich in triterpene compounds.
Clinical evidence includes a small open-label trial (n=10) for ulcerative colitis showing modest improvements, and a 52-week RCT (n=43) demonstrating symptom reduction in diabetic neuropathy (PMID: 31080345). A phase 1 crossover trial (n=4) confirmed oral bioavailability of triterpenes in cognitive impairment (PMID: 35204098), while a pilot RCT assessed temporomandibular pain (PMID: 40253389).
Clinically studied doses include 500mg daily of non-standardized extract for ulcerative colitis (12 weeks), 600mg daily of standardized CAST triterpenes for diabetic neuropathy (52 weeks), and 2-4g single doses of aqueous extract for bioavailability studies. Standardized extracts typically contain 0.5-1% asiaticoside and 2-8% madecassoside. Consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement.
Centella asiatica's triterpenes, particularly asiaticoside and madecassoside, modulate inflammatory mediators including TNF-α and interleukin-1β. These compounds enhance collagen synthesis by activating TGF-β pathways and support nerve function through BDNF upregulation. The plant's bioactives also inhibit nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, reducing inflammatory responses.
A small pilot trial (n=10) in mild ulcerative colitis showed endoscopic improvements with Centella asiatica extract without adverse events, though larger studies are needed. A randomized controlled trial (n=43) demonstrated significant reduction in diabetic neuropathy total symptom scores with 600mg daily dosing. Both studies represent preliminary evidence requiring replication in larger, longer-duration trials. Current clinical data is limited but suggests potential therapeutic applications.
Centella asiatica is generally well-tolerated with minimal reported side effects in clinical studies. Potential interactions with anticoagulant medications may occur due to the herb's mild blood-thinning properties. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid use due to insufficient safety data. Some individuals may experience mild gastrointestinal upset or skin sensitivity with topical applications.
