# Stone Root (Collinsonia canadensis)

**Canonical URL:** https://ingredients.hermeticasuperfoods.com/ingredients/stone-root
**Data Source:** Hermetica Superfoods Ingredient Encyclopedia
**Updated:** 2026-03-28
**Evidence Score:** 4 / 10
**Category:** Native American
**Also Known As:** Collinsonia canadensis, Collinsonia, Hardhack, Knob Root, Knobgrass, Horse Balm, Rich Weed, Richweed, Heal-all, Oxbalm, Stone-root

## Overview

Stone root (Collinsonia canadensis) contains rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid derivatives that support vascular health through [anti-inflammatory](/ingredients/condition/inflammation) mechanisms. This Native American medicinal plant traditionally targets hemorrhoid relief and [cardiovascular](/ingredients/condition/heart-health) circulation through its astringent and venous tonic properties.

## Health Benefits

• May support [cardiovascular health](/ingredients/condition/heart-health) through tonic effects on blood vessels and heart valve function (Traditional evidence only)
• Potentially aids in hemorrhoid relief and pelvic circulation issues (Traditional use by Eclectic physicians)
• May provide [antioxidant](/ingredients/condition/antioxidant) and [anti-inflammatory](/ingredients/condition/inflammation) benefits via rosmarinic acid content (Preliminary laboratory evidence)
• Traditionally used for urinary and kidney stone support as a diuretic (Historical use only, no clinical trials)
• May help with digestive issues including atonic dyspepsia and constipation (Traditional evidence only)

## Mechanism of Action

Stone root's rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid derivatives inhibit [inflammatory](/ingredients/condition/inflammation) mediators like NF-κB and cyclooxygenase enzymes. The astringent tannins strengthen capillary walls and reduce vascular permeability. Phenolic compounds enhance nitric oxide bioavailability, supporting [endothelial function](/ingredients/condition/heart-health) and circulation.

## Clinical Summary

Clinical evidence for stone root remains limited to traditional use reports and small observational studies. Eclectic physicians documented hemorrhoid symptom improvement in case series, but no randomized controlled trials exist. Preliminary phytochemical analysis confirms [antioxidant activity](/ingredients/condition/antioxidant) of rosmarinic acid extracts in vitro. Most evidence relies on centuries of Native American and 19th-century medical practice rather than modern clinical validation.

## Nutritional Profile

Stone Root (Collinsonia canadensis) is not consumed as a food source and therefore lacks a conventional macronutrient profile (negligible protein, fat, carbohydrate, and caloric contribution at typical medicinal doses). Its value lies entirely in its bioactive phytochemical constituents. Key compounds include: • **Rosmarinic acid** (~0.5–2.0% of dried root by weight, varies with harvest and preparation) – a caffeic acid ester with documented [antioxidant](/ingredients/condition/antioxidant) and [anti-inflammatory](/ingredients/condition/inflammation) activity; bioavailability is moderate orally, subject to first-pass [metabolism](/ingredients/condition/weight-management), with peak plasma levels typically 30–60 minutes post-ingestion. • **Tannins** (~3–8% of dried root) – condensed and hydrolyzable types contributing astringent and venotonic properties; tannins can reduce bioavailability of co-consumed minerals (iron, zinc) and proteins. • **Saponins** (concentration not precisely quantified in published literature; estimated trace to low percentage) – may contribute to mild diuretic and expectorant actions. • **Volatile/essential oils** (~0.1–0.5% of dried root) – containing small amounts of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes; specific constituents not fully characterized but may include limonene and caryophyllene-type compounds. • **Flavonoids** (present in minor quantities, specific compounds not well-characterized) – likely contribute to overall antioxidant capacity. • **Organic acids** – including citric and malic acid in small amounts. • **Resin** (~1–3%) – contributes to the root's characteristic pungent and slightly bitter taste profile. • **Mucilage** (trace amounts) – may provide mild soothing effects on mucous membranes. **Minerals:** No significant mineral content has been formally quantified, though roots grown in mineral-rich soils may contain trace amounts of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and iron (quantities negligible at typical dosing of 1–4 g dried root per day). **Vitamins:** No notable vitamin content documented. **Fiber:** The dried root contains plant fiber (cellulose, lignin), but amounts ingested in typical tincture or decoction preparations are negligible. **Bioavailability notes:** Most traditional preparations are tinctures (1:5 in 40–60% ethanol) or decoctions, which extract rosmarinic acid and tannins effectively. Alcohol-based tinctures likely yield better extraction of resinous and volatile compounds compared to water decoctions. Tannin-rich preparations may interfere with absorption of concurrently consumed nutrients, particularly non-heme iron and certain alkaloid medications.

## Dosage & Preparation

No clinically studied dosage ranges exist for Stone Root extracts, powders, or standardized forms. Historical preparations included fresh root tinctures or teas, while modern homeopathic preparations appear at dilutions like 200C, 9X, or 30C in pellets and 1X in ointments. Consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement.

## Safety & Drug Interactions

Stone root appears generally well-tolerated in traditional dosages, though comprehensive safety data is lacking. Potential interactions with anticoagulant medications due to circulation-enhancing effects require monitoring. Pregnancy and breastfeeding safety has not been established through clinical studies. Gastrointestinal upset may occur with high doses exceeding traditional recommendations.

## Scientific Research

No human clinical trials, RCTs, or meta-analyses were identified for Stone Root in the available research. Evidence is limited to historical Eclectic medicine uses and preliminary laboratory indications of [anti-inflammatory](/ingredients/condition/inflammation) effects from compounds like rosmarinic acid, without specific study designs or outcomes reported.

## Historical & Cultural Context

Stone Root has been used for over two centuries in North American Eclectic medicine (19th-early 20th century) and by Native American tribes for various circulatory and digestive conditions. Traditional preparations included fresh root tinctures for diuretic, antispasmodic, astringent, and sedative effects on genitourinary, digestive, and rectal issues.

## Synergistic Combinations

Horse Chestnut, Butcher's Broom, Witch Hazel, Gotu Kola, Bilberry

## Frequently Asked Questions

### What is the recommended dosage for stone root?

Traditional dosages range from 1-3 grams of dried root daily or 2-4 ml of liquid extract. Eclectic physicians typically used 15-60 drops of fluid extract three times daily for hemorrhoid relief.

### How long does stone root take to work for hemorrhoids?

Traditional reports suggest hemorrhoid symptom improvement within 2-4 weeks of consistent use. However, no controlled studies have established definitive timeframes for therapeutic effects.

### Can stone root interact with blood pressure medications?

Stone root may theoretically enhance circulation and affect blood pressure through vasodilation. Patients taking antihypertensive medications should consult healthcare providers before use due to potential additive effects.

### Is stone root the same as butcher's broom for vascular health?

While both herbs traditionally support vascular health, stone root contains rosmarinic acid as its primary active compound, whereas butcher's broom provides ruscogenins. Their mechanisms and traditional applications differ significantly.

### What part of the stone root plant is used medicinally?

The hard, stone-like root and rhizome contain the highest concentrations of active compounds. Fresh or dried roots are processed into extracts, tinctures, or powdered preparations for therapeutic use.

### Is stone root safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding?

Stone root has not been adequately studied in pregnant or breastfeeding women, and traditional use does not establish safety in these populations. Due to its effects on circulation and the pelvic area, stone root should be avoided during pregnancy and lactation without explicit guidance from a qualified healthcare provider. Women planning pregnancy or currently pregnant should consult their doctor before use.

### What is the difference between stone root extract and dried herb preparations?

Liquid extracts and tinctures of stone root concentrate active compounds and may offer faster absorption compared to dried herb decoctions or capsules. Dried preparations provide a more stable, shelf-stable option but may require larger doses to achieve similar effects. The bioavailability and potency can vary significantly between preparation methods, making extract forms potentially more efficient for therapeutic use.

### What does current research show about stone root's effectiveness for vascular health?

Most evidence for stone root's cardiovascular benefits comes from traditional Eclectic medicine use and preliminary laboratory studies on rosmarinic acid content, rather than rigorous clinical trials in humans. While laboratory data suggests potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, well-designed clinical studies confirming vascular benefits in humans are limited. The evidence base is stronger for traditional use patterns than for modern clinical application, indicating more research is needed to establish efficacy.

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